Although not punctual inside the modern sense, ancient civilizations tweaked each day times towards sun additional flexibly when compared with modern-day DST does, often dividing sunshine directly into twelve working hours regardless connected with evening size , to ensure each one daylight hour appeared to be longer throughout summer. For example, Roman latitude that third hour through sunrise, hora tertia , started through modern standards during 09:02 energy period and lasted 44 seconds with the winter months solstice , nevertheless in the summer time solstice them started at 06:58 as well as lasted seventy five minutes. After historical times, equal-length municipal working hours eventually supplanted unequal, thus city period absolutely no more time alters by simply season. Unequal hours tend to be still employed in one or two common settings, for instance several Mount Athos monasteries and all Jewish ceremonies.
Procedure Dispute around features as well as cons Energy utilize Economic side effects Public safety Health Complexity Politics Terminology Computing Tz list Microsoft Windows See additionally Notes^ DST practices and controversies:
^ George Gibbs. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. 2007-06-22. Hudson, George Vernon 1867 1946 .
^ James C. Benfield. Statement on the U.S. House, Committee on Science, Subcommittee with Energy. In: Energy Conservation Potential of Extended as well as Double Daylight Saving Time . 2001-05-24. (Serial 107-30).
^ Effect on individuals whose hours tend to be set by simply the sun:
^ Daylight -saving dock rankings . Variety. 2007-03-20.
^ Energy Conservation Potential of Extended and Double Daylight Saving Time . 2001-05-24. (Serial 107-30).
^ Effect with daylight salvaging period on lighting style energy use: your reading assessment . Energy Policy. 2008;36(6):1858 1866. doi :10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.021 .
^ Peter G. Neumann. Computer-Related Risks. Addison Wesley; 1994.
^ Tuuli A. Lahti; Sami Lepp m ki; Jouko L nnqvist; Timo Partonen. . BMC Physiology. 2008;8:3. doi :10.1186/1472-6793-8-3 . PMID 18269740 . PMC 2259373 .
^ Stephen Tong; Joseph Williams. Are an individual prepared regarding daylight keeping time frame around 2007? IT Professional. 2007;9(1):36 41. doi :10.1109/MITP.2007.2 .
Berthold. Daylight preserving in historic Rome. The Classical Journal. 1918;13(6):450 451.
Daily Life with Ancient Rome: The People and the City along at the Height on the Empire. Yale University Press; 1968.
Robert Kaplan. The holy mountain. Atlantic. 2003;292(5):138 141.
Hertzel Hillel Yitzhak. Tzel HeHarim: Tzitzit. Nanuet, NY: Feldheim; 2006.
Manser, Martin H. (2007). .
Benjamin Franklin, William Temple Franklin, William Duane (1834). .
Seymour Stanton Block. Benjamin Franklin: America's inventor . American History. 2006.
^ Benjamin Franklin , producing anonymously . Aux auteurs du Journal. Journal de Paris. 1784-04-26;(117):511 513. French. Its initial publication was inside the journal's " conomie" section, within a French translation of the English original. The is usually labeled "An Economical Project", your subject that is possibly not Franklin's; see A.O. Aldridge. Franklin's composition about sunshine saving. American Literature. 1956;28(1):23 29. doi :10.2307/2922719 .
Eviatar Zerubavel. The standardization of time: your sociohistorical perspective. The American Journal of Sociology. 1982;88(1):1 23. doi :10.1086/227631 .
On seasonal time-adjustment around countries south involving lat. 30 . Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734.
On seasonal period . Transactions in addition to Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1898;31:577 588.
New Zealand time. New Zealand Geographer. 1948;4(1):104. doi :10.1111/j.1745-7939.1948.tb01515.x .
National Maritime Museum. a hundred many British Summer Time ; 2008.
Seize the actual Daylight . p. 3.
^ Willett pamphlet:
Parliamentary Debates , House regarding Commons, 12 February 1908, posts 155 156.
Seize the Daylight . p. 51 89.
Lord Howe Island Tourism Association. Information pertaining to visitors .
^ Joseph Myers. History of appropriate time within Britain ; 2009-07-17.
Implementation dates connected with daylight protecting time frame inside of Australia ; 2009-09-22.
Seize the actual Daylight . p. 179 180.
Tom Baldwin. . The Times (London). 2007-03-12.
Energy Policy Act of 2005, Public Law 109-58 110 ; 2005-08-08.
Chilean Hydrographic and also Oceanographic Service. Historia de los angeles hora oficial de Chile ; 2008-10-01. Spanish.
Institute pertaining to National Measurement Standards. Time specific zones & sunny days salvaging time period ; 2009-08-25.
^ Dilip R. Ahuja; D. P. Sen Gupta; V. K. Agrawal. Energy savings out of advancing the Indian Standard Time by an hour . Current Science. 2007;93(3):298 302.
Philip Johnston. Is this occasion in order to bleach some of our darkness? Daily Telegraph. 2007-01-22.
Ned Rozell. Alaska Science Forum. Alaskans twice their own daylight financial savings ; 1996-03-28.
Decretos sobre o Hor rio de Ver o not any Brasil ; 2008-09-16. Portuguese.
^ Seize this Daylight . p. 22.
^ Mark Gurevitz (2007-03-07). .
Micromotives and Macrobehavior. W. W. Norton; 2006.
Daniel S. Hamermesh; Caitlin Knowles Myers; Mark L. Pocock. Cues for right time to plus coordination: latitude, Letterman, along with longitude. Journal connected with Labor Economics. 2008;26(2):223 246. doi :10.1086/525027 .
Ryan Kellogg; Hendrik Wolff. Daylight moment and also energy: data out of an Australian experiment. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. 2008;56(3):207 220. doi :10.1016/j.jeem.2008.02.003 . An before variant can be in: Ryan Kellogg; Hendrik Wolff (2007). Does extending daylight preserving time frame help save energy? Evidence from an Australian test . CSEMWP 163. Center for this Study with Energy Markets.
(Press release). Western Power. 2007-10-31.
Wee-Kean Fong; Hiroshi Matsumoto; Yu-Fat Lun; Ryushi Kimura. Energy financial savings possibilities in the Summer Time strategy with distinct parts regarding Japan through the view with home lighting. Journal of Asian Architecture and also Building Engineering. 2007;6(2):371 378. doi :10.3130/jaabe.6.371 .
Yoshiyuki Shimoda; Takahiro Asahia; Ayako Taniguchia; Minoru Mizuno. Evaluation with city-scale effects involving housing electrical power conservation procedures while using comprehensive end-use simulation model. Energy. 2007;32(9):1617 1633. doi :10.1016/j.energy.2007.01.007 .
Adrienne Kandel; Margaret Sheridan (2007-05-25) (PDF). .
Daylight conserving in GB; there has to be data within favour associated with time time on GMT? . Dept. associated with Engineering, University with Cambridge.
Daylight saving inside GB; will there be studies around prefer associated with time period on GMT? (October last year revision) . Dept. involving Engineering, University connected with Cambridge.
Matthew J. Kotchen; Laura E. Grant (2008) (PDF). Does daylight conserving occasion help you save energy? research at a natural experiment with Indiana . NBER Working Paper No. 14429. National Bureau of Economic Research
^ David B. Belzer; Stanton W. Hadley; Shih-Miao Chin (2008) (PDF). .
Michael Downing. Daylight saving: exhausted the actual clock . Huffington Post. 2010-03-13.
Dana Knight. Daylight-saving time period turns into daylight-spending period for some businesses. Indianapolis Star. 2006-04-17.
Spring Forward . p. 147 148.
Daylight benefits time frame . Session Weekly. 1991. Minnesota House Public Information Office. ". this Minneapolis Star, Jan. 28, 1959 . 'Farmers complained that they is unable to get into the job areas any sooner in comparison with under ordinary moment . as the morning sun would not dry that dew "on daylight personal savings time." ' "
ISBN 0-674-00910-X . p. 26.
Ben Arnoldy. Latest computer glitch: daylight saving time period . Christian Science Monitor. 2007-03-07.
Mark J. Kamstra; Lisa A. Kramer; Maurice D. Levi. Losing sleeping from that market: that daylight saving anomaly. American Economic Review. 2000;90(4):1005 1011.
Luisa M ller; Dirk Schiereck; Marc W. Simpson; Christian Voigt. Daylight conserving effect. Journal associated with Multinational Financial Management. 2009;19(2):127 138. doi :10.1016/j.mulfin.2008.09.001 .
Reinhold P. Lamb; Richard A. Zuber; John M. Gandar. Don't get rid of sleep on it: a re-examination with the actual daylight financial savings period anomaly. Applied Financial Economics. 2004;14(6):443 446. doi :10.1080/09603100410001673676 .
Linda L. Lawson. Energy Conservation Potential of Extended in addition to Double Daylight Saving Time . 2001-05-24. (Serial 107-30). Statement towards the U.S. House, Committee about Science, Subcommittee on Energy.
Daylight salvaging occasion along with automobile crashes: the particular cut of pedestrian in addition to auto occupant fatalities . American Journal of Public Health. 1995;85(1):92 95. doi :10.2105/AJPH.85.1.92 . PMID 7832269 . PMC 1615292 .
Douglas Coate; Sara Markowitz. The results of sunshine plus daylight saving occasion about US pedestrian fatalities along with auto occupant fatalities. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2003;36(3):351 357. doi :10.1016/S0001-4575(03)00015-0 . PMID 15003579 .
J. Broughton; M. Stone (1998). . TRL368. Transport Research Laboratory.
Alex Vincent; Stanley Coren. Effects of daylight cost savings occasion upon injury rates. New England Journal regarding Medicine. 1998;339(16):1167 1168. doi :10.1056/NEJM199810153391617 . PMID 9776656 . Data boosting Coren's half of the alternate usually are in: Stanley Coren. Sleep deficit, lethal accidents, and the spring change for you to sunshine discounts time period . In: INABIS '98. 1998.
Clock shifts plus accidents:
Christopher M. Barnes; David T. Wagner. Changing to be able to sunny days keeping occasion slashes directly into sleep plus grows workplace accidents . Journal of Applied Psychology. 2009;94(5):1305 1317. doi :10.1037/a0015320 . PMID 19702372 .
House Committee on Energy plus Commerce, Subcommittee with Energy Conservation plus Power. Daylight conserving time. U.S. GPO ; 1985-04-24. (Serial No. 99-4). p. 26.
Rachel Pain; Robert MacFarlane; Keith Turner; Sally Gill. 'When, where, if, and but': qualifying GIS and also the effect regarding streetlighting about transgression in addition to fear. Environment and Planning A. 2006;38(11):2055 2074. doi :10.1068/a38391 .
Clock changes since basic safety reminders:
Debby Golonka. Yahoo Health. Prevent home that will fire ; 2007-03-13.
Daylight Chart ; 2008.
Michael Rosenberg; Lisa Wood. The power regarding plan to help influence behaviour change: daylight saving in addition to it has the relation to actual physical activity. Australian as well as New Zealand Journal associated with Public Health. 2010;34(1):83 88. doi :10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00479.x .
A.V. Parisi; J. Turner; D.J. Turnbull; P. Schouten; N. Downs. Influence with summer sunshine preserving time period on occupying erythemal photovoltaic ultraviolet exposures. Journal connected with Photochemistry in addition to Photobiology B: Biology. 2008;91(1):35 40. doi :10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.01.010 . PMID 18321724 .
Henry Olders. Average sunrise period predicts depressive disorder prevalence. Journal regarding Psychosomatic Research. 2003;55(2):99 105. doi :10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00479-8 . PMID 12932507 .
Shari Roan. Change around sunny days salvaging occasion could change moods. Los Angeles Times. 2007-03-05.
^ Alex Beam. Dim-witted suggestion regarding sunshine moment . Boston Globe. 2005-07-26.
Moderatrix Musings. Daylight cost savings ; 2007-03-12. "I now have to travel to be effective within the dark. This is definitely an actual trouble with luck since I've became awful overnight blindness and also avoid driving at nighttime in any way costs. It's just simply possibly not safe (especially for that different drivers considering I can't say to wherever they are.)"
DST as well as circadian rhythm:
Michael Berk; Seetal Dodd; Karen Hallam; Lesley Berk; John Gleeson; Margaret Henry. Small changes in diurnal tempos are usually associated with an raise inside suicide: the actual consequence of daylight saving. Sleep as well as Biological Rhythms. 2008;6(1):22 25. doi :10.1111/j.1479-8425.2007.00331.x .
Imre Janszky; Rickard Ljung. Shifts to and through daylight conserving moment and number of cases connected with myocardial infarction . New England Journal associated with Medicine. 2008;359(18):1966 1968. doi :10.1056/NEJMc0807104 . PMID 18971502 . Lay conclusion : Los Angeles Times, 2008-10-30.
Nataliya Shirinskikh, translator. Kazakhstan canceled moving to the 'summer' along with 'winter' period . Kazakhstan Today. 2005-03-16.
Joey Crandall. Daylight salvaging occasion closes Sunday . Record Courier. 2003-10-24.
Paul McDougall. PG&E says patching yards for an earlier daylight-saving occasion could cost $38 million . InformationWeek. 2007-03-01.
Daylight salvaging time: explanation and also original concept ; 2008. ". Lord Balfour came forwards that has a unique concern: 'Supposing a few unfortunate girl ended up being confined having twins .'"
Daniel G. Schultz. Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food as well as Drug Administration. Unpredictable events inside health equipment because of to brand-new sunshine saving time frame adjust ; 2007-03-29.
Jesse Ruderman. Indistinguishable from Jesse. Continuous sunshine conserving moment ; 2006-11-01.
; 2011-09-28.
Albert E. Waugh. Sundials: Their Theory as well as Construction. Dover; 1973.
Leith Holloway. Atmospheric sunshine defense component on distinct days: it is observed dependence on solar zenith opinion in addition to its relevance towards shadow suggestion with regard to sun protection. Photochemistry along with Photobiology. 1992;56(2):229 34. doi :10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb02151.x . PMID 1502267 .
Winston S. Churchill. A hushed toasted bread to William Willett. Pictorial Weekly. 1934-04-28.
Seize the Daylight . p. 117.
Seize the particular Daylight . p. xi.
Seize the particular Daylight . p. 12 24.
Seize your Daylight . p. 72 73.
^ Seize this Daylight . p. 51 70.
Seize the actual Daylight . p. eighty 101.
Seize the actual Daylight . p. 103 110.
OCLC 30022847 .
Spring Forward . p. 47 48.
Seize that Daylight . p. 115 118.
David P. Baron. Business along with its Environment. 5th ed. Prentice Hall; 2005.
Seize the actual Daylight . p. 147 155, 175 180.
Ian R. Bartky; Elizabeth Harrison. Standard as well as daylight-saving time. Scientific American. 1979;240(5):46 53.
(PDF). Retrieved 2010-07-25.
ABC News. 2008-12-14. Retrieved 2010-07-25.
. Electoral Commission regarding Queensland (ECQ). Retrieved 2010-06-19.
Paige Taylor. Daylight saving at some sort of sunset out there west . The Australian. 2009-05-18.
. 14 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-25.
. 16 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
Single/Double Summer Time coverage pieces of paper ; October 2006.
Seize the actual Daylight . p. xv.
Daylight conserving occasion in addition to their variants:
Spring ahead? that is definitely hence final year. On Sunday, we are going to most . strut forward. Is the following a fantastic thing? That most depends . Los Angeles Daily News. 2007-03-10.
Steve Lohr. . New York Times. 2007-03-05.
A. Gut; L. Miclea; Sz. Enyedi; M. Abrudean; I. Hoka. Database globalization in business applications. In: 2006 IE International Conference on Automation, Quality plus Testing, Robotics. 2006. p. 356 359.
Paul Eggert; Arthur David Olson. Sources pertaining to period zone and also sunshine saving time period data ; 2008-06-30.
HP-UX Reference: HP-UX 11i Version 3. Hewlett Packard Co; 2007. tztab(4) .
IE Std 1003.1-2004 . The Open Group; 2004. .
Microsoft Corp. Daylight conserving occasion guide along with assist core ; 2007-09-14.
Microsoft Corp. Visual Studio as well as sunny days saving time period alter ; 2007.
Lingnu Open Source Consulting. Windows sunny days personal savings timezones to get Israel ; 2009.
Microsoft Corp. Microsoft service admittance regarding sunny days preserving time frame throughout Israel ; 2007. Hebrew.
Markus Kuhn. Computer Laboratory, University with Cambridge. IBM PC Real Time Clock will need to run around UT ; 2009-02-10.
Categories : Hidden categories:
No comments:
Post a Comment